INDIAN POLITY (PART-1)

• The Charter Act 1861 is the first step of the Constitutional Government in India.
• The Indian Councils Act, 1892 introduces elections for the first time in India by indirect method.
• The Government of India Act, 1919 was a landmark in the constitutional history of India. It introduces the diarchy in Provinces.
• The Government of India Act, 1935 gave autonomy to the provinces by abolishing dual Government. The Act introduced dual Government at Centre. The Act divided the powers between the union and provinces into three lists: a) Federal List b) Provincial List c) Concurrent List. The Governor General was authorised to make legislations on the residuary powers.
• The Constituent Assembly was set up under the recommendations of Cabinet Mission Plan.
• The First meeting of constituent assembly was held in New Delhi on 9th December 1946.
• Dr. Sachidananda Sinha was the temporary chairman of the Constituent Assembly.
• Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the president of the constituent assembly on 11th December 1946.
• H.C Mukarjee was elected as vice president of the constituent assembly on 13th December 1946.
• 292 were elected through provincial legislative assemblies to the Constituent Assembly. 93 members were elected from princely states. There were 4 members in the constituent assembly to represent the chief commissioner’s provinces. The total number of members in the constituent assembly was 389.
• As the result of the separate assembly for Pakistan the numbers of members of Assembly were reduced to 299. Out of 299 members 229 members were elected from provinces.
• Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the chairman of Rules Committee, Steering Committee, Finance and Staff Committee and Adhoc Committee on the National Flag.
• Alladi Krishna Swamy Ayyar was the chairman of credential committee.
• B. Pattabhisita Ramaiah was the chairman of house committee.
• K.M.Munshi was the chairman of Business committee.
• The constituent Assembly set up a Drafting Committee on 29th August, 1947. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was the chairman of drafting committee.
• Jawaharlal Nehru was the chairman of Union Powers Committee, Union Constitution Committee and States Committee.
• H. C. Mukarjee was the chairman of Minorities sub- committee.
• Vallbhai Patel was the chairmen of Advisory committee.
• Objectives resolution moved by Jawaharlal Nehru was unanimously adopted by the constituent Assembly on 22nd January, 1947.
• The constitution of India was adopted on 26th November, 1949.
• The Constitution of India came into force on 26th January, 1950.
• The constituent assembly adopted National Anthem on 24 Jan 1950.
• The time taken by the constituent Assembly to prepare Constitution is 2 years 11 months 18 days.
• S.K.Dhar commission was appointed by the constituent Assembly on the issue of reorganization of states in November 1947.
• JVP commission was appointed by the congress in its Jaipur session in 1948 to consider the recommendations of the Dhar commission.
• States Reorganization committee was appointed in 1953 and submitted its report in 1955.
• Fazal Ali was the chairman of the State Reorganization Committee and Hriday Nath Kunzru and K.N.Panikkar were the members of the committee.